William payne



W. APPARATUS FOR RET No. 7,146.

RS ON THE RAILS;

Patented Mar. 5,1850.

STTES WILLIAM PAYNE, OF NE\V YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR RETAINING CABS ON THE RAILS Specification of LettersPatent No. 7,146, dated March 5, 1850.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, VILLIAM PAYNE, latecaptain, royal engineers, in the British service, now residing in thecity, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and usefulSafety Apparatus to be Applied to Locomotives, Freight and other Cars ona Railroad; and I do hereby declare .the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexeddrawings, making a part of this specification, in which Figure I is afront View. Fig. II is a side view. Figs. III and IV are sections indetail; and similar letters refer to similar parts in all the figures.

My invention consists in the construction of a certain apparatus to beapplied to, and combined with, the trucks or cars of locomotives,tenders, freight and other carriages running upon railways, whichapparatus has for its object the prevention of accidents from the saidtrucks and cars being thrown or dislodged from the rails by any obstaclein the way of the free passage of the burthen wheels over them.

My apparatus is of such a nature that while it permits all the variousmovements in the trucks and cars caused by the irregularities of therails, such as the side oscillations and rocking motions, they are yetprevented from jumping up sufliciently to allow of the flanges of thewheels clearing the rails.

The letter A represents a part of the cross framing of a rail-way truckand is that part to which I should choose to attach my safety apparatus.

B, B, are two boxes firmly bolted or otherwise attached to the frame Ain the position and manner represented.

C, C, is a heavy bar of iron composed of two pieces terminating at theirinner ends in circular or other shaped flanges as at (E E) and forked intwo parts at their outer ends as seen at (i, i,). In each of the forksof the bar there are boxes (2', 5,) fitted to receive vertical shafts asseen at (11, 1a,). These shafts are finished at their tops with heads orflanges so that they may rest on the bar C as represented, the lowerends terminating in small friction wheels held in place by nuts or linchpins. The length of (a) is such that the circumference of the wheels onthem will be directly in range with the middle of the rail so thatwhenever they come in cont-act they would roll on the space between theupper and lower flanges of the same in the manner shown in the drawings.I have certain means of adjust ing the exact distance of these rollersapart so as to keep them always in their proper positions to take holdof the rails; this is effected by the division in the bar O at theflanges (E, E,) between these I introduce a spring of some suitablematerial which will tend to force the two pieces of which the bar C iscomposed apart. In the drawing this spring is represented at the letter(0) and is composed of disks or sheets of indiafl rubber laid togetherand compressed between (E E) by screwbolts as shown; by unscrewing thebolts the flanges (E E) are pressed apartand thus the wheels on (n) arebrought to their proper position near the rails as described. The bar C,C', has free longitudinal play in its boxes B B; it

is also made square at the boxes to keep it i from rotating thislongitudinal play of C is to allow the truck to oscillate from side toside to accommodate them to the irregularities of the rails; the bar C Calways being in the track of the rails by the wheels on (n The rockingmotions are permitted by the play of the rollers as far as the spacebetween the two flanges of the rail but the up and down motions areperformed by the boxes 2') sliding over the shaft (n n) whenever thesprings of the truck are compressed together; the shaft (n a) not havingthemselves further play than is allowed by the flanges on the rails asbefore mentioned. It will now be seen that by reason of the wheelsplaying closely to the side of the rail between its two flanges it willbe impossible for the truck to be thrown up sufliciently to allow theflanges of the burthen wheels to clear the top of the rails as anyupward motion is at once arrested by the rim of the wheel catching inthe rail and thus holding down the frame of the truck as clearly seen. Asafety apparatus thus constructed may be placed on each side of thetruck, or one at each end of the car only as may be thought suflicientfor strength to resist the most severe collision with obstacles opposingthe onward passage of the same.

In Fig. 4 is a view showing a slight modi- I fication of the shaft (7;),in this it is seen '1 show a mode of constructing railroads differingslightly from the present. Fig. 3

is an enlarged view in which I show the cross trees (23) placed upon theground and a longitudinal wooden rail (u) to support the iron onesabove; by placing the iron rail on this, the spikes to hold it may bedriven down in the manner shown, and thus resist the tendency of theburthen wheels to press them apart; it will also raise the rail so as tokeep it much clearer of snow and pools of water in time of heavy rains.

- hat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent isCombining the trucks or other suitable parts of locomotives, freight andpassenger cars with the rails by means of two bars, one vertical and onehorizontal, connected in such way that oscillations and other vibratorymovements of said cars will be permitted without disengaging the hooksor rollers attached to the lower ends of the vertical bars, from theflange of the rails the whole being arranged substantially in the mannerdescribed herein.

W. PAYNE.

WVitnesses:

S. H. MAYNARD, T. H. W001).

